Membangun Strategi Adaptasi Petani Terhadap Perubahan Iklim di Kabupaten Bandung
Keywords:
Perubahan Iklim, Adaptasi Petani, Pertanian Berkelanjutan, Kabupaten BandungAbstract
Perubahan iklim telah memberikan tekanan signifikan terhadap keberlanjutan sektor pertanian, khususnya bagi petani kecil yang sangat bergantung pada kondisi iklim dan sumber daya alam. Kabupaten Bandung sebagai salah satu lumbung pertanian di Jawa Barat menghadapi berbagai tantangan akibat perubahan pola curah hujan, peningkatan suhu, serta meningkatnya frekuensi kejadian cuaca ekstrem. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak perubahan iklim terhadap sektor pertanian serta mengkaji strategi adaptasi yang dikembangkan oleh petani di tingkat lokal. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui studi etnografi singkat yang dipadukan dengan wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan analisis naratif di empat kecamatan, yaitu Cimenyan, Pangalengan, Rancaekek, dan Cikancung, dari bulan Agustus sampai Oktober 2024. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa petani telah menerapkan beragam strategi adaptasi, mulai dari penggunaan varietas unggul, diversifikasi tanaman, efisiensi pengelolaan air, hingga penguatan kelembagaan kelompok tani. Namun demikian, sebagian strategi masih bersifat jangka pendek dan berpotensi menimbulkan maladaptasi apabila tidak didukung oleh kebijakan yang komprehensif. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan peran pemerintah daerah dalam menyediakan informasi iklim, memperkuat penyuluhan pertanian, dan mendorong praktik pertanian berkelanjutan agar strategi adaptasi petani dapat berjalan secara efektif dan berkeadilan.
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